Friday, September 4, 2020

The Culture Example

The Culture Example The Culture †Term Paper Example Damoya Hall-Reid The Culture Cultural reasons for neediness talked about in the article incorporate migration, liquor utilization, corrupt conduct tranquilize managing and prostitution, sluggishness, absence of difficult work and improper utilization (Battistoni 1). The auxiliary factors that cause neediness incorporates absence of financial development, expanded joblessness, segregation and partition of individuals dependent on their attributes, globalization and loss of occupations, low paid wages and absence of instructive opportunities.2. Accuse the casualty hypothesis of destitution expresses that the individuals who are poor ought to be considered answerable for being poor since they enjoy exercises because of which they keep on living in neediness. For instance helpless people are accepted to be apathetic and they don't try sincerely and because of this they stay poor. Accuse the framework hypothesis of neediness expresses that the legislature has made destitution exist as the y neglect to give enough instructive and business chances to poor people. 3. The term reliance culture expresses that people stay poor since they are too apathetic to even think about working hard and they rely upon the social government assistance openings offered by the administration as opposed to taking up occupations. Then again the article expresses that people don't take up employments and stay subject to the legislature in light of the fact that there are insufficient occupations and staying reliant on the administration is an approach to adapt to destitution. 4. Destitution can be diminished in United States if the legislature gives free or sponsored school and college level instruction to people having a place with helpless family foundations. Besides, the legislature ought to try and ensure that these helpless people approach openings for work alongside instruction so they can consider and acquire cash simultaneously to win bread and butter for their families. Battistoni, Alyssa. The â€Å"Culture Of Poverty† Myth Returns. Salon.com. N.p., 2010. Web. 16 Apr. 2015.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The Role of Friar Lawrence in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Es

The Role of Friar Lawrence in William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet At the point when we initially meet Friar Lawrence (à Ã¢â‚¬ 㠐†㠐â ·), he gives off an impression of being picking blossoms and herbs. He gives us he has a more profound comprehension of the attributes of herbs and how everything has a decent and terrible side: Ââ€Å"Within the baby skin of this frail bloom Toxic substance hath habitation and medecine power.ゆ This additionally identifies with the groups of Romeo and Juliet. It significantly implies about the terrible things to come, for example, the passing of one of the relatives. The crowd builds up the possibility of Friar Lawrence going about as a dad to Romeo: Ââ€Å"Good morrow, father.ゆ The thing ‘fatherã‚’ demonstrates how close the connection between them is and how he goes past his job of being a Friar. I feel that this isnã‚’t right demonstration of Minister and it may prompt difficulty. He additionally is by all accounts ready to pass judgment on individuals: Ââ€Å"Our Romeo hath not been sleeping to-night.ゆ This causes the Friar to appear to have unique capacities, which may help in later occasions. I think that Friar Lawrence isn't at fault, this far into the play since he is carrying on of his own cooperative attitude. At the point when Romeo discloses to Friar Lawrence about his affection towards Juliet, he is stunned: Ââ€Å"Holy Saint Francis what a change is here!ゆ In a similar discourse that he conveys this line, he adjusts his perspective into deduction it is a smart thought: Ââ€Å"To turn your householdsã‚’ enmity to unadulterated love.ゆ The thing ‘rancourã‚’ shows how much the two families severely dislike one another. We get the feeling that Friar Lawrence is naãÆ'â ¯ve and that his arrangements are unconstrained. He doesn't know about the outcomes of wedding Romeo furthermore, Juliet. We additionally observe... ... the grievous demise of Romeo and Juliet: Ââ€Å"I am the best ready to do least, However generally suspected, as the time and spot Doth make against me, of this direful homicide; What's more, here I stand, both to impugn and cleanse, Myself censured and myself excused.ゆ He concedes and yet honest. We feel that he attempts to cause the Prince to feel sorry for him and it works at long last: Ââ€Å"We have still known thee for a heavenly man.ゆ Generally speaking we see that the play turns around Friar Lawrence and that he is a specialist of the show. From my perspective, I imagine that Friar Lawrence is to be faulted in light of the fact that regardless of his fair goals, he could have planned something for prevent the disaster from occurring. Minister Lawrenceã‚’s character changes drastically just as his utilization of language and emotional centrality.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Learning Science, Mathematics and Technology with Children's Essay

Learning Science, Mathematics and Technology with Children's Engagement in Play - Essay Example It will be found out that Science, Math and Technology ideas and aptitudes are gained while kids take part in play. Math and Science are all near. Kids as a rule see numbers on TV slots, phones, their home numbers, on label costs, and so forth. They may likewise observe their moms in the kitchen as they cook following plans that determine the deliberate fixings. Science is in like manner ever-present as they find how things work, watch change in things, utilize their faculties in finding out about their reality. Innovation is moreover open to them. This isn't restricted to what most grown-ups think about innovation as electronic devices or mechanized contraptions. Innovation incorporates forms individuals use to tackle an issue purposely. Grown-ups should regard how small kids need to attempt their turn in working with innovation (Mortlock, 2005). It is for the kids to find how innovation will function for them and make undertakings progressively advantageous, for example, utilizing cups or basins in the sandbox to make increasingly characterized hills of sand rather than only a mound they shape out of their hands. The accompanying will examine how science, math and innovation transaction in the muddled play of newborn children, sand play of babies and square play of pre-schoolers. These exercises work out easily for youngsters that they needn't bother with a particular directions from grown-ups. Chaotic But Busy Babies† In the Stages of Cognitive Development of Piaget, youngsters from 0 †2 years old have a place with the Sensorimotor Stage. This period is portrayed by cooperations with nature dependent on the child’s gathering of tactile info and solid responses. The assignment of this period is to build up the idea of item changelessness, the possibility that articles exist in any event, when they can't be seen or heard. (Brewer, 2001). Newborn children are sensorial students and they are awed by the conceivable outcomes of the articles arou nd them. At the point when they take part in chaotic play, they get the chance to contact things and feel its surfaces, see the item very close so subtleties might be assessed. They even get the opportunity to smell or as a rule, taste objects since it is in their tendency to find out about things by placing it in their mouths. Science is busy working when they notice changes in things, for example, when a drop of paint blotchs on the paper when an item says no thanks to it. They likewise get the chance to see tracks or prints of articles, for example, vehicle wheels or rollers when these establish connections with paint on paper. They learn math when they see the hues and states of the toys they play with and get the opportunity to feel the components of shapes when they contact these with their hands. They would realize that circles have no points and that squares have 4 sides. At the point when they are given things like wipes or little elastic stamps for printing, they understan d that these may fill in as innovation to leave engraves when plunged in paint. Permitted to investigate paints and things during untidy play gives them a few learning openings about how things work on the planet and what they can do with these things to cause an impact, for example, turning a plastic consideration over paint and seeing the tracks they can make from it. Inquisitive Tykes in the Sandbox Toddlers keep on getting a charge out of sensorial play and they love playing with open-finished materials, for example, sand and water. They learn numerous logical ideas with sand. Pouring different measures of water on sand makes various surfaces and this directs how firm the sand will shape into the

Detailed Lesson Plan in Science free essay sample

During the time spent food making, what do you believe is the most significant component in photosynthesis? anne? For me, the daylight, the vitality that originates from the sun (sunlight based vitality) and why? For what reason is it the daylight vitality that originates from the sun is the most significant? Euphoria? Since, sun based vitality is answerable for the plants so as to bcreate or make carbon dioxide and water that when artificially joined it will result to glucose or sugar, by the result of photosynthesis. Generally excellent joy!!.. So for what reason are most leaves expansive and level? What do you believe is the purpose for? Ely? They are expansive and level since, leaves are liable for catching daylight and assimilate carbon dioxide. The more extensive the surface the more light it will catch. Generally excellent Ely..!! D. Appraisal (Application) In our day by day living, how does photosynthesis influences human presence? Bela? Photosynthesis is a lot of significant for plants as well as for human. We will compose a custom paper test on Nitty gritty Lesson Plan in Science or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Since another side-effect of photosynthesis is oxygen which is fundamental to human presence. Awesome bela. Another thought? It is particularly significant in such a case that plants would not, at this point fabricated their own food, we human would not, at this point live, in light of the fact that we are subject to plants with regards to our food flexibly.. Generally excellent bela. In the wake of examining the procedure of photosynthesis attempt outline the procedure of food making.. Make a graph exhibiting the food creation of plants. Chart making IV-EVALUATION Lets have a test with respect to the talked about theme.. Get one-fourth piece of paper.. number your aper from one to five and right the remedy answer. 1. the way toward making food. (photosynthesis)

Saturday, July 11, 2020

The Right Way to Express Your Views on Social Issues

The Right Way to Express Your Views on Social IssuesMost of the social issues that are surfacing are troubling because people are aware of them. With their awareness, they are also more eager to find solutions. People may also seek for ways to express their feelings and at the same time to solve the problems of social issues.It is not a personal project to provide all the answers. You have to know that there is no one who can provide you with all the answers. That is why you will have to be creative in finding out what solution you need. What you do with your ideas is up to you.Nowadays, it is not a rare case that these issues are becoming public. Since they have become known, people are more curious about these things. They are ready to learn anything that they can find on these issues. Some of them will find their own solution to these issues, while others will use these topics to point out other issues. That is why these topics are becoming popular now.Now let's tell you the good news that there are still many people who are doing their best to avoid these issues. They have learned that these issues can bring negative effects on our society. This is one good thing that a lot of people don't like to talk about because they do not want to worry others.If you are the one who has knowledge of these social issues, it is better that you take this as an opportunity to express your opinions. You can share your opinions with others. And you can also get constructive criticism from others on how to improve the problem. You can tell others about your thoughts on the social issues.Another way for you to express your views on these social issues is to provide your comments and reactions on the topics that you read about. This is to let people know your point of view about the topics that you read. So, when you want to share your views with others, you can provide your comments on the issues that you have already read about. This will allow you to gain more popularity and interest on your topic.Of course, some people will take social issues as an opportunity to vent their frustrations. And this will also be the reason why they will want to express their frustrations by sharing it with others. Others will see the people who have a problem with these issues as the 'bad guys' who are trying to take advantage of others who are weak and can't deal with these issues.It is important for you to take note of this because you must be very careful of how you express your views on these social issues. So, if you want to build up your confidence, then this would be the best way for you to do it. You must always be creative in expressing your views on these issues.

Wednesday, June 24, 2020

SAT tutor Close Readings and the Literature Subject Test

Hello dear readers! As promised, in this and in future posts, I’m going to share my wisdom as an SAT tutor, focus on the nitty gritty of the SAT-II Literature Subject Test, and show you how to approach the kinds of questions that students struggle with the most. Let’s get right into it! Imagine that you turn the page in your SAT-II Literature test booklet, and you are suddenly staring down this poem by John Crowe Ransom, entitled â€Å"Blue Girls†: Twirling your blue skirts, travelling the sward Under the towers of your seminary, Go listen to your teachers old and contrary Without believing a word. Tie the white fillets then about your hair And think no more of what will come to pass Than bluebirds that go walking on the grass And chattering on the air. Practice your beauty, blue girls, before it fail; And I will cry with my loud lips and publish Beauty which all our power shall never establish, It is so frail. For I could tell you a story which is true; I know a woman with a terrible tongue, Blear eyes fallen from blue, All her perfections tarnished -- yet it is not long Since she was lovelier than any of you. (1927) Let’s do a very quick reading of the poem. There are a few places where we should be underlining as we read. Although any piece of literature is always in some sense â€Å"talking† to its reader, this poem catches our attention with some particularly strong moments of talking: the phrases that are placed into the imperative, the moments when the speaker is commanding/giving orders directly to his/her audience (we shouldn’t automatically assume that the speaker in the poem is the poet himself!). We know that the speaker in this poem is speaking directly to others because we have the word â€Å"your† throughout the poem. Although we have to read to the very last word to find â€Å"you,† we know by the presence of â€Å"your† that the words of the poem have been addressed to an audience. And we, as readers, become that audience in a sense. But we also can infer that we are not the original audience, nor the only audience. Let’s dig a little deeper. So what, precisely, is the poet commanding this â€Å"you† to do? In the first stanza, we should underline â€Å"Go listen†¦Ã¢â‚¬  as the first command. In the second stanza, â€Å"Tie the white fillets†¦And think no more†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In the third, â€Å"Practice your beauty†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Before we do any more analysis of this poem, we can use these imperative phrases to generalize a motive: this poem is meant to tell a certain audience to do certain things. What audience, precisely? In the third stanza, the implicit â€Å"you† is made more clear: â€Å"Practice your beauty, blue girls, before it fail.† OK – this poem is written by an older person (we don’t know the gender for sure) to young women, â€Å"blue girls,† in order to give commands to them. And if we look at these commands quickly, we see a pattern: the speaker has ordered the young women to be carefree, to ignore their teachers, tie ribbons in their hair, and â€Å"practice† their â€Å"beauty before it fail,† that is, before it fades away. This is a very quick scan of the poem, but at least we have a very general sense about who is speaking to whom, and the subject of this speech. Now, let’s see if we can answer any questions right off the bat. Let’s turn to the first question, and first things first, cover the answers. Instead of reading the multiple choice options, we’ll just jot a word or two as a provisional answer next to the question in the test booklet or on scrap paper. Think of this as a micro-brainstorming session (pretend you are working with a writing tutor). If we cover the answers, we find just the question prompt: The tone of the poem can best be described as†¦ So, with the answers covered, let’s jot down some words. We know from our quick reading that the poem is like a speech given by an older person to younger girls to tell them to enjoy their beauty and their youth while these things still exist. We might write out something like: â€Å"warning†¦admonishment†¦commanding†¦ordering†¦instructing†¦imperative†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and so on. Now, let’s uncover the answers and see if we find any words in the answer options that are very close to the words we’ve jotted down above. 1. The tone of the poem can best be described as (A) cautionary (B) mythic (C) sarcastic (D) optimistic (E) hopeful We can go right down the column and quickly compare the choices to our initial written impressions. Simultaneously, we can decide whether any of these words make sense based on what we’ve just seen in the poem. Let’s get to it. What does â€Å"cautionary† mean? Let’s assume for now that we are unfamiliar with this word. So, we will break it into smaller parts and work from there. We see that it looks like â€Å"caution,† and we know that to exercise â€Å"caution† means to be judicious, to be careful. But we know that the word here is not â€Å"cautious.† So it can’t just mean â€Å"careful.† It must be related, but not exactly the same. Still, let’s think about it: is the tone of this poem one that asks for caution? This is a little tough. The speaker has asked the young girls to be†¦young, and youth doesn’t usually go with cautiousness. But the speaker has also commanded the girls to enjoy their youth and beauty before they fade, and this part is really more of a warning. We know that there is a relationship between caution and warning—when something is dangerous or risky, we are sometimes warned about it, and we are told to use caution. So perhaps these concepts are related in the word†¦ And we do have â€Å"warning† or something close to it on our brainstormed word list already†¦ But to be sure, let’s keep going with the other answers. What does â€Å"mythic† mean? It is related to myths, stories of grand proportion. Is that happening in this poem? It doesn’t seem that way. We don’t have any allusions to any well-known myths and the audience seems intimate, not expansive. â€Å"Mythic† seems like a bad choice. Let’s cross it out. What about â€Å"sarcastic?† Are there elements of sarcasm in the remarks of the poem’s speaker? There does some to be an edge to some of the pronouncements in the poem, but if we didn’t pick up on sarcasm during our first read, it likely isn’t such a strong presence in the poem. Let’s move on and see what else is left, without crossing this out just yet. What about â€Å"optimistic?† Well, we know that the speaker has told the â€Å"blue girls† that their beauty will disappear. That doesn’t seem so optimistic—quite the opposite, in fact. Just to be sure, we can quickly glance over the conclusion of the poem, to verify that it doesn’t become more upbeat at the very end. In the last stanza, we see that the speaker is talking about a woman who has grown old and mean, but once, and not that long ago, she was prettier than â€Å"any of you,† the girls being addressed in the poem. We don’t have to spend more time analyzing this—this doesn’t sound optimistic at all, so that choice can go. Let’s cross it out. Lastly we have â€Å"hopeful.† We know that this word is not far from â€Å"optimistic,† and we’ve completely ruled â€Å"optimistic† out. Is there a chance that the poem can be â€Å"hopeful† if not â€Å"optimistic?† Maybe, but it seems like a stretch. Let’s consider it a likely cross out. We’ve definitely eliminated â€Å"optimistic† and â€Å"mythic† and we’ve kinda-sorta eliminated â€Å"sarcastic† and â€Å"hopeful.† If we return to â€Å"cautionary,† we can see that, even if we’re not 100% sure of the meaning, it seems to make more sense than â€Å"sarcastic† and â€Å"hopeful.† If we bring our brainstormed, quickly jotted down words back into the mix to compare and contrast, we can see that nothing that we’ve written is synonymous with either â€Å"sarcastic† or â€Å"hopeful.† So we’ve now zeroed in on â€Å"cautionary† by two methods: by process of elimination AND by compare and contrast to our brainstormed initial response. This should give us confidence that â€Å"cautionary† is the correct choice. So we will go with (A) cautionary. Naturally, if the word â€Å"cautionary† was familiar to us, this would be a quicker process, for â€Å"cautionary† is indeed an adjective indicating a warning or admonishment. But it is helpful to see how this question, and similar questions, can be answered even when the meaning of words eludes us. In the next blog post, I’ll stick with the poem and address another question similar to the above, continuing to show you how to deconstruct these questions and arrive at answers with conviction! Stay tuned for more†¦ ;

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

Human Resource Planning And Development Unit Planning Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3374 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? LVMH is French origin world leader in the luxury brand has 60 prestigious luxury brands. Each one of these has unique history and culture. Some of the famous brands among them are Chateau dYquem, Moet Chandon, Hennessy, Guerlain, and Louis Vitton. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Resource Planning And Development Unit Planning Business Essay" essay for you Create order LVMH is a group who has conserve genuineness of all brands. The Group is active in five different sectors: Wines Spirits, Fashion leather goods, Perfumes cosmetics, Watches jewellery and selective retailing. The formation of Moet Hennessy in 1971 was in the direction of larger group in 1987 beneath LVMH. In 1989, Group Arnault becomes majority shareholder. In 1999 entered in watches jewellery and selective retailing. Year of 2009 LVMH reached on total revenue of 17.1 billion euros, 77,300 employees worldwide, a retail network of more than 2,400 stores. LVMH organizes its HRM around the world in five zones are France, Europe, the Americas, Pacific and Asia and Japan. Task 1 HRM Theory: The element of managerial work which is concerned with acquiring, developing and dispensing with the efforts, skills and capabilities of an organisations workforce and maintaining organizational relationships within which these human resources can be utilized to enable the organization to cont inue into the future within the socil, political and economic context in which it exists (Watson, 2003, p.1) Best fit model: It emphasizes that HR strategies should be congruent with the context and circumstances of the organisation. It is see the sights the close link between strategic management and Human resource management, Best-fit can be perceived in terms of vertical integration or alignment between the organizations business and HR strategies. Vertical integration can be clearly confirmed through the linking of a business goal to individual objective setting, to the measurement and rewarding of that businesses goal. For achievement of organisation goal, individual, team and organisation behaviour and performance must be match with business strategy or the objectives of the business goal. Resource-based model: The resource based model focusing on internal resource of organisation, rather than external resources. By this model human resource management specialist e asy to identify which human resource become a scare, valuable, organisation-specific and difficult to imitate resource. The Human capital pool comprised of the stock of employee knowledge, skills, motivation and behaviours. The flow of human capital through the firm- the movement of people and of knowledge. The dynamic processes through which organizations change and or renew themselves. Best practice model: The notion of best-practice or high-commitment HRM was identified initially in the early US models of HRM, many of which mooted the idea that the adoption of certain best human resource practices would result in enhanced organisation performance, manifested in improved employee attitudes and behaviours, lower levels of absenteeism and turnover, higher levels of skills and therefore higher productivity, enhanced quality and efficiency. This can be identified as a key theme in the development of the SHRM debate, that of best-practice SHRM or universalism (Ian Beardwell at el 2004, P.56) LVMH is running around five main world zones. So HR structure is very important for LVMH. When organisation spread worldwide, Matrix Organisation structure is very useful for firm to achieving their goal smooth running. LVMH HRM policies are in surplus of vital and imposed on the business groups and companies. Through the adjustable rule, it also given management support to the business. The task of corporate HR is to standardize sure measures, to describe plan and to give momentum to companies HR teams. Concerning strategy, HR proposes other than hardly ever impose. An employee interacts with the companies. This companies report to business group which report to corporate headquarters. Approximately 50 to 60 % of progresses are handled by companies, the else managed by the business groups or corporate. There are four types of HR managers at LVMH. Following the groups structure, they operate on four levels: corporate, regional, business group and company level . The subsidiary HR Director or the person acting as such, reports to the subsidiarys President. The subsidiarys HR Director gets recommendation and shore up from his company. HR Director of the business group managing his companies through monthly meetings. The principle of these meetings is to identify vacant positions throughout the world and to study the list of possible candidates for these positions, between which are the Ready to Move. Being a Ready to Move does not mean anyone move, but that the management has recognise them as having the competence to progress by new task within the year. The major objective of corporate HR managements is to make sure in sequence stream and rationally applied in zone., while meeting concluding decisions to the company. International mobility is essential part of every prospective career path. It is evolve skills abilities which are hidden inner side of employees. It targets to create global managers many of them have far above the groun d fundamental practical move. As an example the head of HR development recall the case of a French insurance specialist in the fashion business unit who was sent to Romania to head a shoe factory. By this global manager as a person with the training or the experience needed to manage a global business. LVMHs maximum staffs belong from French, whereas the French account for 37 per cent of the groups global workforce. HR needs to develop more global business managers so they can be a part of globalized top management. LVMH mobility process works on the network of HR teams who mostly staffed with locals. LVMH did not send out experts because not have local talent. Mainly its expatriates fit two profiles: those sent out by the corporate HQ to control its subsidiaries and protect its interests and sent out to develop their skills. To support the international business growth transfers is increasing. Though, it not means that increasing number of French expatriates will force this tend ency. In global scenario organisation face adverse consequences due to scare of global manager. LVMH did not attract experts by giving them economics incentives in terms of levels. The group is motivated for cost efficiency. They know that a good package is necessary, but that it not the main inducement to go abroad. By research its prove that all people are not working for money, but some people like competitive task and they like to utilise their skill abilities. Specific country based salary is obvious for international assignment. Salary will rise during the period of assignment. That is used as a basic for work out of social security and pension payments. The mobility wages are average compare to local labour market. LVMH distinct two types of high potentials, HP1 and HP2 is an individual likely to achieve a top management position such as member of Board committees, Regional president or Subsidiary president. An HP2 is an employee likely to go up one or two steps in the hierarchy. For corporate HR this characterization of high potential is too broad and is more relevant for flat structures. It is now considering narrowing it. It would retain the definition of HP1 and include those who are considered to be experts in their domain. LVMH is giving specific task or assignment to the global manager in their working content for specific period and give him or her full authority to take decision for the company, also they want to learn from this kind of freedom to do new or dare things. Task 2 A relatively permanent change of behaviour as a past experience. Training is taken to mean more than acquiring knowledge, it encompasses the way in which outmoded values and techniques are shed in favour of new ones. At an organizational level this requires a collective process of change in its shared worldviews, including perceptions of the company and its market (Alan price 2007, P. 513) Key approaches towards managing training and development in HRM: Participants are charged with addressing an organisational problem or challenge by using new skills and methodologies. They work independently with periodic reviews to discover how they are applying and working with discrete skills and methodologies. The competitive of business in globalized world is strongly depending on highly skilled workforce which is do flexible works. Its possible through training development. training and development activities make a major contribution to the successful attainment of the organization Personal development processes provide the framework for individual and self-directed learning Showing a clear understanding of the business drivers in their organisation Helping their organisation add value and move up the value chain Establishing a clear vision and strategy for people development Involving others and engaging shareholders in a transparent and open way Having both a good overview of what is needed to advance in the long-term and also of the short-term priorities Using process and techniques appropriately without being overcommitted to any one method of delivery Applying metrics to demonstrate value, and above all Understanding the legacy that learners bring with them and adjusting their interventions accordingly Companies that function globally comprise international and multinational firms. International firms are those where operations take place in subsidiaries overseas that rely on the business expertise or manufacturing capacity of the parent company; they may be highly centralized with tight controls. Multinational firms are ones in which a number of businesses in different countries are managed as a whole from the centre; the degree of autonomy they have will vary. As a consultant recommendation to LVMH Board: Globalization: Globalization is the process of remove barrier between worldwide markets. It involves the development of single international markets for good or services accompanied by an accelerated growth in world trade. To match the global requirement of business working pattern LVMH has to deploy local people rather than experts from the French, because they do not have know the local culture or local market how they react in new or old segment for their products or what is the trend among them for LVMHs products. Globalization also driven by issue of marketing, cost and competition. If they select local manager with relevant expertise for their desire project or aim to achieve. In this condition they can get manager with skill which they want and also get improvement from his knowledge about their product matching the local public views and if possible implement them for getting better results. Environmental differences: All factors which exist outside the business enterprise, but which interact with it. Human resource managers have been closely involved with employment legislation, industrial tribunals and trade unions at a functional level. HRM also focus on other environmental variables like government economics, social security, education training policies affect the supply, cost quality of available employees. For LVMH operates in all over world so, they have to think globally and act locally for their operations. For example they have decided same rules and regulations for the all employee worldwide like their wages and benefits. In France they have decided to give 6500 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ per month salary to the global manager for giving his or her services to the company as per same pay may not be pay in other continent like Asian countries Singapore and Korea. Living standard in all continents is different so, their policies should be different than headquarter and subsidiary in terms of wages. Cultural differences: Comparing one country with another we find component of people management are accorded different degrees of importance and are carried out differently. Th e Economic political differences, Language differences, Differences in legal system, differences in religious and moral attitude and trade practice differences. Human resource practicing has to consider all these issues also numbers of fundamental question arise. How is HRM structured in individual countries? What are the main differences similarities? What is put into practice? LVMH has to take care for the different culture base for their strategy in HRM for example in Japan they cannot deploy younger manager on the employee who is senior in terms of age then him or her, because Japanese have cultural custom that they respect elder person and do not cross their words ever so, in that way LVMH has to be specific about cultural differences. Like in South East Asia India is a populated country and have more knowledge base potential candidates are available to match their criteria but they have to keep in mind that Indian culture is a versatile and full of festivals. If they want to launch the new product there they have to look forward for the appropriate festive season for their products and the manager who familiar with the custom of this festival and achieve companys goal. Before sending the global manger on his or her assignment they has to be given training about language which is locally spoken over there and have good command over at least 3 languages other than French. Convergence and divergence: According to Brewster et al (2002) the effectiveness of global HRH depends on the ability to judge the extent to which an organization should implement similar practices across the world (convergence) or adapt them to suit local conditions (divergence). The dilemma facing all multinational corporations is that of achieving a balance between international consistency and local autonomy. They have to decide on the extent to which their HR policies should either coverage worldwide to be basically the same in each location, or diverge to be differentiate d in response to local requirements. Looking forward the HRM policies of LVMH is to adopt divergence in terms of local environment like in UK people like to drink Beer while in USA and France prefer to drink Wine. Such things keep in mind and develop their plan for act in a global market through their global managers who actually implement their policies to their business. Task 3 HR Performance: Balanced Scorecard means A strategic planning and management system used to align business activities to the vision statement of an organization. More resentfully, and in some cases practically, a Balanced Scorecard attempts to interpret the sometimes indistinct, moral hopes of a companys vision/mission statement into the practicalities of managing the business better at every level. A Balanced Scorecard approach is to take a holistic view  of an organization and manage MDIs so that efficiencies are experienced by all departments and in a joined-up fashion. To go on boa rd on the Balanced Scorecard path an organization first must know (and understand) the following: The companys mission statement The companys strategic plan/vision The financial grade of the organization How the organization is at present structured and operating The level of knowledge of their employees Customer happiness level In HRM 4 main perspective play important role in balance scorecard. The following table indicates what areas may be looked at for improvement (the areas are not full and are often company-specific):  Â  Department Question Areas  Finance If we succeed, how will we look to our shareholder? Return On Investment Cash Flow Return on Capital Employed Financial Results (Quarterly/Yearly) Internal Business Processes How to smoothly handled performance drivers and with outcomes measures? Number of activities per function Duplicate activities crossways functions Process alignment (is the right process in the right department?) Process bottlenecks Process automation Operations Management process. Customer management process. Innovation process. Regulatory and Social process. Learning Growth To achieve our vision, how must our organization learn and improve? Is there the correct level of expertise for the job? Employee turnover Job satisfaction Training/Learning opportunities Customer To achieve our vision, how must we look to our customer? Delivery performance to customer Quality p erformance for customer Customer satisfaction rate Customer percentage of market Customer retention rate  Each of the four perspectives is inter-dependent enhancement in just one area is not necessarily a recipe for success in the other areas. Balance scorecard is interred linked with Strategy. In strategy process first management decide Mission Why we exist, Vision- what we want to be, Value- whats important to us and then make a game plan for strategic outcomes. In strategic outcomes management specialize translate the strategy and measure and focus by BSC. It consequences are came by satisfied shareholder, happy customers, excellent processes and motivated workforce. The Learning Growth Perspective In balance scorecard learning and growth outlook is important part and this is depending upon HR performance. Kaplan and Norton emphasize that learning is more than training;This perspective reflects the competence that a company should have Human capital, Organization Capital and information capital. In this outlook good human resource development system, organizational system and information system forms a hard basis for improving company performance. This outlook includes employee training and corporate cultural attitudes related to both individual and corporate self-improvement. In a knowledge-worker organization, people the only storeroom of knowledge are the main resource. In the modern climate of rapid technological change, it is becoming necessary for knowledge workers to be in a continuous learning mode. Learning growth base on these three outlooks Human capital, Organization capital and information capital. In Human capital HR performed improve skill, knowledge and attitude of manpower of organisation. Organization capital in which HR performed improved culture, leadership and organization development and last one information capital in which HR performed improved system, database and networks. Learning growth metrics address the question of how the firm must learn, improve and innovate in order to meet its objective. Much of this perspective is employee-centred. In this perspective HR specialist have to decide objective and then measure to it. i.e. objective of manufacturing, in this hr specialist have to measure time to new process development. Objective of product focus, in this hr specialist have to measure percentage of products representing eighty present of sale. And objective of time to market, in which HR have to measure time compared to that of competitors. Making of the Balance Scorecard. The ladder involved in development of Balance scorecard is explained in the figure on next page. The process is broken into four phases: Research phase This phase starts by a chain of brain-storming sessions at higher level to bring everyone at balance as far as organizations Vision and Core values are concerned. This basically prepares the organization to develop its current strategy and goals in line with its Vision and middle values. Build up Strategy In this phase, the organization develops its strategy map to achieve its vision. Strategic maps extend to develop key strategic objectives and allocate accountability to achieve these objectives on specific employees. Build Balance Scorecard Having certain the strategic objectives, it is now necessary to work-out key strategic initiatives and the key performance indicators which would mirror the results of these initiatives. Specific targets and goals along with the stretch targets are agreed during this stage and various employees of the company are assigned SMART Goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time-bound). Put into oper ation Scorecard In this phase, the organizations Balance Scorecard is further bust into departmental level scorecard, so that each department can focus on the elements of the complete organizations scorecard. This helps in micromanaging the activities and their monitoring at lower level at intervals best suited to specific goals. The overall scorecard of the organization reports data from departmental scorecard and is reviewed by higher management. Benefits of Balance scorecard: Change of strategy into measurable parameters. Message of the strategy to everybody in the firm. Arrangement of individual goals with the firms strategic objectives the BSC recognizes that the certain measures influence the behaviour of employees. Comment of operation result to the strategic planning process. Process focus to achieve strategic goals. Timely reporting of status of strategic goals. Its helpful for making budget decision drives investment. Employees recognize the mselves with goals. Conclusion: As per the case study there is a lot of improvement in the companies policy regarding international mobility, Expatriation and learning English language that gives strength to the LVMHs goal to sustain in global competition and achieve companys goal through knowledge base HRM. As student I cannot give the exact idea about reading just few papers for the company which is running successfully since 1593. Company has history of 416 years they have created their name and fame through their working pattern and workforce who works for them. I am little bit small to evaluated and give the recommendation to the companys board of directors they are the genius in their planning and implementation of their HR policies.

Monday, May 18, 2020

I Will Surround Myself With Positive Relationships Outside...

I will surround myself with positive relationships outside the work setting. Due to the variety of significant, traumatic emotional events, I will be predisposed to within in the field, and exposure to subcultures, and cynical perspectives of fellow officers which exist. It is imperative to develop and preserve relationships outside of work hours. This is to prolong the susceptibility to cynical perceptions of the system, and society itself that usually start to develop within the first 5 to 7 years on the job. It is extremely important to get the mind off the job, and focus on other aspects of life to achieve this. Having outside relationships is a key component of allowing this to happen, as I will therefore, be able to conceptualize perspectives of officers, and everyday citizens, and utilize them as a guideline for myself. I will strive to maintain a high level of professionalism. Being professional and diplomatic in regards to how I carry myself is something I strive to improve and achieve daily. In coordination with holding myself to a higher standard, comes the aspect of professionalism. Holding a position with much respect, comes great responsibility, and in my opinion being professional in all aspects, is a required skill set in this field. As a role model in communities, professional behaviour will not only reflect well on myself, but also the agency I represent. This includes actively following all policies and procedures outlined by my agency, as well asShow MoreRelatedIs The Presence Of Religion Within The Context Of Marriage? Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesthemselves partake or not. Though the question is, should the two be intermingled? Is there a place for religion in marriage? Some will argue that religion holds no place in marriage; others will say that religion adds key things to a marr iage relationship. This paper will attempt to answer the question, â€Å"is the presence of religion in the context of marriage? The purpose of this researched argument is to make claims that regular involvement in religious activity increases the overall health andRead MoreLearning Company Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesWork with a learning company The best personal education you can receive without paying for it is the company provided training. Companies that value education provide excellent training modules that are relevant to your job. It is a win-win situation where the company provides you no cost training to help you do your job better. In return, you get marketable skills that you can use now and in the future without any personal out of pocket expenses. Typically, you see this at larger and globalRead MoreWomen in The Count of Monte Cristo973 Words   |  4 Pagesof instances in which females are in the home as well as when they are not. When women are kept in their classical role of mother and caretaker, all is well and their lives are simple. Children relate positively to their mothers in this typical setting; while Dantà ©s was in prison, during a time of distress, he remembered something his mother had done for him. For example, Dumas writes, â€Å"He remembered the prayers his mother had taught him and found meanings in them which he had formerly been unawareRead MoreAssessing Leadership For Change . Leaders Influence Others1394 Words   |  6 Pagesleader. Justice shows fairness. Communication is the most important aspect of an effective leader. The communication must be effective enough to produce the most positive outcome. Being able to understand diversity is essential. A good leader must value different perspectives to provide a better outcome. A good leader exemplifies a strong work ethic. A leader will always do more than is required, and it will show. Good leaders continue to learn the latest technology and insights of expertise. ThereforeRead MoreMy Life Experiences That Have Shaped My Personality, Values And Belief Systems And Decisions Essay1893 Words   |  8 Pagesa career in social work derive from being a victim of domestic violence. This contributed to me being more empathic to people’s circumstances. The characteristics of me without a shadow of doubt include being humble, self-less, calm and even-tempered has sustained me during my life experiences. I have had to humble myself even more to realize that it ok to seek comfort from othe rs and that people are willing to listen to you even when you do not think they are. All my life I have been the â€Å"soundRead MoreMy Career Path On Museums1659 Words   |  7 PagesI was nine years old when I went on my first adventure. Accompanied by my closest friend, I darted through forests and the ocean, explored a sailing ship and a twentieth century town, and marveled at the monumental carvings of native Canadians and an Ice Age landscape. That day my fourth-grade class was fortunate enough to travel to the Royal British Columbia Museum in Victoria. What seemed to be a grand adventure in the mind of a nine-year old was actually my friend and I racing as fast as our legsRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher1913 Words   |  8 PagesEver since I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. I remember sitting in grade school thinking, â€Å"Someday, I’d love to be doing what my teacher is doing now.† And amazingly, as I grew older, the age level at which I want ed to teach got bigger and bigger. However, as I approached the completion of my high school years, I realized that while teaching was a passion, it wasn’t a profession. It wasn’t the money necessarily (though that is daunting to a student going into education) but I realizedRead MoreHuman Resources Specialist ( Social Security And Benefits2275 Words   |  10 PagesIt has been a long journey. It s been four years since I enrolled in Human Recourses Management at York University. Finally, graduation is around the corner. It is overwhelming to sit to write about what the future holds after graduation. The position I have chosen is Human Resources Specialist (social security and Benefits) at ICAO. I prefer to work at this organization because it creates better opportunities if a career actor decides to leave the groups at any point. Just like going to HarvardRead MoreLeadership and Management Essay2750 Words   |  11 Pages | |Note: To complete the task you will need to draw upon your personal experiences in, for example; a part-time job, voluntary work, other groups (e.g. sports| |teams), and leadership you have observed, are familiar with or have read about. | |Understanding Leadership Styles Read MoreRepresentation Of Indian Literature And Film2537 Words   |  11 Pagesfor centuries. I will explore the representation of Maori in film and literature through a mana wahine context, directed by leading national and international mana wahine scholars. My aim is to shed light on issues that surround Maori representation and issues within the Maori community. My capstone project aims to give Maori a strong, self-affirming voice. I want to reclaim my identity and empower other Maori through my personal account of being Maori in a low socio-economic suburb. I believe that

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Crime is a Social Construct. - 1751 Words

CRIME IS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT Crime is the product of the social structure; it is embedded in the very fibres of society. In this essay, I aim to explore different theories as to why crime exists within society and how we as a society therefore construct it. Crime is a social construct; it is always in society and is on the increase. It is inevitable. Where does it come from? It comes from legislation, from the making of laws. Functionalists see crime deviance in society as a function, in that it serves to remind us, through public condemnation of those who have broken the rules, of our shared values and norms. Furthermore, they suggest that crime is a result of structural tensions and a lack of moral regulations within society. If the†¦show more content†¦The laws against higher status crime, the White Collar crime, are therefore relatively lenient and rarely enforced, but the laws against crime which is committed by those with a lower status, are harsher and more often enforced because they are so visible and detected much more easily. The activities of White Collar crime occur on a daily basis, but there is no public outcry or moral panics about it and therefore no legislation made, whereas, street crime attracts massive law enforcement. As Jeffrey Reiman (2001) so aptly stated, The rich get richer and the poor get prison. Interactionism was quite popular from 1960s to 1970s. Max Weber and George Herbert Mead favour the Interactionist approach and suggest that crime is a social process, that crime is an interaction between the victim, the police/officials and the offender. Crime is shaped by the nature of this interaction and this selective labelling, stigmatisation, negative labelling of those without power and more vulnerable. This approach focuses upon the interaction between deviance and those who define it as such, hence the Labelling Theory. Howard F Becker, the founder of this theory, argues that society creates deviance by making rules. Rules that when broken, constitute deviance, and by labelling those particular people as deviants, they are also labelling them as outsiders. Therefore, it is not the act of the person, but rather a consequence of applying the rules byShow MoreRelatedCrime Is a Social Construct1370 Words   |  6 PagesCrime is a social construct Discuss. This composition will look at crime and its different criminological interpretations. Crime is an umbrella word which covers a diverse range of issues and is dependant upon the theoretical stand point of the writer. Although the wordings of the explanations differ, the implications are consistent (Newburn, 2007. Doherty, 2005). Mclaughlin et al (2006) seems the most relevant for the purpose. They separate crime into three key constituent parts. These are harmRead MoreCrime Is A Social Construction1083 Words   |  5 Pagesthis essay I will be discussing Christie’s (2004) viewpoint that crime is a social construction, drawing viewpoints from Henry (2001), Walklate (2007), and Cohen (1972). Firstly, it is important to address the construction of the dictionary definition of crime and then to delve further into the changing nature of crime itself, also reflecting on crime within certain contexts. This will happen by looking at the current definition of crime and cross-examining it with Christie’s theoretical perspectiveRead MoreWhat Does It Mean?1700 Words   |  7 Pagessingle biological species(homo sapiens) within a larger grouping or genus(homo) (page .173), which clearly means that race is not biological contrast but social construct also meaning that humans are socially different but biologically the same. The social construct has influenced the world in classifying people based on superiority and inferiority. Social teaches us about human society and its interpersonal relationships as members of society. An individual s race has always been a limitingRead MoreCampus Crime : The Dark Side Of The Ivory Tower1456 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last two and half decades, campus crime as a social issue has come to the forefront of public attention and is regularly reported in both print and electronic media. Specific and general legislation has also been passed in order to prevent campus crime from occurring as well as to educate those who are either in danger of victimization or have the ability to prevent victimization and assure that justice is done. However, campus crime is not a new issue in regard to its occurrence, only inRead MoreRace And Ethnicity1131 Words   |  5 Pagesidea of social construction. Furthermore, I would like to specially provide responses to discussion questions number one and two as posed in the conclusion of chapter one. Discussion question number one asks to â€Å"Explain the origin of race and its implications for race and crime.† Discussion question number two asks â€Å"Do you believe there are distinct races?† I will also provide perspective on issues surrounding the term â€Å"minorities†. Today, social scientists refer to race as a â€Å"social construct† andRead MoreSocial Learning Theory Of Crime1278 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction as a general concept, social learning theory has been applied to the many different fields of social science to explain why certain individuals develop motivation to commit (or abstain from) crime and develop the skills to commit crime through the people they associate with. Social Learning Theory (SLT) is one of the most frequently looked at theories in the criminology field. This theory was introduced by Ronald L. Akers as a reformulation of Edwin H. Sutherland s (1947) differentialRead MoreLabelling Theory in Explaining Crime and Deviance - A2 Sociology729 Words   |  3 Pagesusefulness of labelling theory in explaining crime and deviance. (21 marks) Labelling theorists are concerned with how and why certain people and actions come to be labelled as criminal or deviant, and what effects this has on those who are labelled as such. As stated in Item A, labelling theory is focused with how individuals construct society based on their interactions with each other. Becker emphasises the significance of crime being a social construct; an action only becomes criminal or deviantRead MoreHate Crime990 Words   |  4 PagesHate Crime The simplest definition of what a hate crime is, is a crime committed against a victim due to his or her perceived role in a social group. Social groups can be defined by many factors such as sexual orientation, race, disability, religion, age, gender and many other factors. Within this essay I aim to evaluate the causes of hate crime and also to assess the impact of crime on victims and the strategies used for responding to hate crime. The types of hate crime I am going to be focusingRead MoreCrime Is Defined And Recorded, And Will1415 Words   |  6 Pagesthose in power, such as the government and police. If someone breaks these rules, they are labelled deviant. This essay will look at the implications of this view in regards to how crime is defined and recorded, and will also assess the effect this has on official criminal statistics. Becker (1963: p. 9) states that, â€Å"‘social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance’, and by applying those rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders†. If the labelRead MoreEssay on Theories of Crime and Criminal Activity1488 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of Crime and Criminal Activity Every theory of crime has at least 2-3 meta-theoretical levels above it. The fundamental issues are usually addressed at the approach level, and are often called the assumptions, or starting points, of a theory, although the term assumptions more strictly refers to the background or domain boundaries one can draw generalizations about. Above the approach level is the Perspective level, the largest unit of agreement within a scientific community, and

The Characteristics Of Ancient Egypt As A Civilized...

Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was a organized civilization because of the important civilization indicators they had- the seven indicators. Government is apart of the seven indicators. Government helped Ancient Egypt be well organized. The government had officials and government workers working there. Some jobs of the government was the pharaoh, the vizier, nomarks, army commander, chief treasurer, and the minister of public buildings.The more important jobs were the pharaoh, the vizier, and the nomark. The pharaoh had the most important job of all- he was the ruler of Egypt. Viziers had to follow the Egyptian law, which was to follow the law, judge fairly, and to not act willingly or headstrong. Viziers were like prime ministers, they†¦show more content†¦They operated like two different countries. They had their own religions and ways of doing things. One day they united. After that had happened Egypt became more organized. They developed a system named ‘hierarchy’. Hierarchy was a class system and each Egyptian was in the system. They had specific rights and were each in a class. There were sev en classes- the priests, the warriors, the cowherds, the swineherds, the shopkeepers, the interpreters, and the boatmen.The names were given to them from the occupations they followed. There weren’t as many slaves in Egypt. Slaves were left out. The king called them â€Å"tools that speak†. There was a large selection of jobs for the Egyptians. The jobs were carpenters, craftsmen, potters, bead markers, stonemasons, sculptors, brickmakers, mistress of the house, and merchants. Carpenters had to build many objects such as roof beams, furniture, or statues. They used tools such as saws, axes, chisels, adzes, wooden mallets, stone polishers, and bow drills. Craftsmen had to create protective amulets, tomb paintings, magical enchantments on papyrus, funeral jars, painted pottery, pottery figures, painted scenes, cartouches, hieroglyphics, ivory grave goods, protective weapons, boats, and bark. Artisans were also considered craftsmen. Potters had to produce utilitarian vessels. Bead makers had to break stones and roll them in between two other stones which shaped the beads, then the bead makers made jewelry. Stonemasons hadShow MoreRelatedHammurabi Vs Civilization1668 Words   |  7 Pagescourse of time, cultures have held many different characteristics that defined their society as civilized. The Babylonians and the ancient Hebrews are two early cultures that with the help of written law were able to become more civilized and thrive as a civilization. As society became more advanced, new aspects added on to this definition of a civilized society, but, still, there are unchanging aspects that are shown in each example of a civilized community, which is seen in Rome almost 2000 yearsRead MoreThe Decline Of The Paleolithic Age1233 Words   |  5 Pagessystems. D. The characteristics of a civilization are debated among historians. However, many agree that a civilization is a society with enough resources and state of economy to form divisions of labor and a social caste system. Others say that it also needs to have a political organization as opposed to family tribes. Civilizations first arose in the Middle East, Northwest India, Egypt, and Northern China. E. Geography has a very powerful influence on the rise of civilizations. The four initialRead MoreOf Monsters and Monks: A Comparison966 Words   |  4 PagesThe characteristics and actions of monks provide an insightful look into how human society perceived their relationship with these men of Christian faith, a common notion or view of them as monsters. Monsters can be defined as a cultural body, an expression of a culture’s anxieties, what is unknown to them, and the fears they have. Monsters usually have very distinct physical characteristics, which include unnatural strength, a considerable amount of unkempt hair, and an unusual appearance associatedRead MoreCommentary on Erez Manela’s The Wilsonian Moment 1081 Words   |  4 PagesAfrica†(8). Manela demonstrates how Woodrow Wilson’s post-war rhetoric on self-determination, a concept that firmly believes all nations should be able to determine for their futures and governance impacted several anti co lonial movements by using Egypt, India, China, and Korea as case studies. In these case studies, Manela explicitly exhibits how colonized countries received and interpreted Wilson’s rhetoric, and applied it to their local struggle for independence. These four countries actively foughtRead MoreThe Birth of Civilization18947 Words   |  76 Pages1 The Birth of Civilization Mohenjo-Daro Figure. Scholars believe this limestone statue from about 2500 B.C.E. depicts a king or a priest from Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus valley in present-day Pakistan. Does this figure seem to emphasize the features of a particular person or the attributes of a particular role? Hear the Audio for Chapter 1 at www.myhistorylab.com CRAIMC01_xxxii-031hr2.qxp 2/17/11 3:22 PM Page xxxii EARLY HUMANS AND THEIR CULTURE page 1 WHY IS â€Å"culture† considered a definingRead MoreGreek Architecture in Egypt3971 Words   |  16 PagesCharacteristics of Greek Architecture:- INTRODUCTION:- Instead of covering nearly every bit of space with ornament, as the Egyptians did, the Greeks selected only the best places for it, and thus gave it its proper effect. The decorations, especially the sculptures, were one of the chief features of a Greek temple. Besides their temples the Greeks built many theaters which may be studied from their ruins, but of their dwelling-houses almost nothing remains to us. The Greek style is noted forRead MoreFrom Hunter Gatherers to Agricultural Societies2160 Words   |  9 PagesHow did early civilizations effectively develop and utilize early plants and vegetables to move from hunter-gatherers to agriculturists, and what were the impacts socially, politically, and technically? â€Å"Agriculture did not emerge from an untapped resource base or randomly distributed family or tribal units of Homo sapiens sapiens. It emerged as the result of efforts by highly organized ecologically canny communities composed of skilled hunter-gatherers.† In the beginning of what is considered burgeoningRead MoreThe Westward Spread of Inca and Egyptian Culture Essay2138 Words   |  9 Pagesand Egyptian Culture The second half of the twentieth century has seen many changes in theories concerning the mode of colonization of the islands of Micronesia, and the rise of the Inca Empire, with its striking similarities to Egypt. In the past, it has been suggested that Asians had worked their way through the Pacific, over a period of thousands of years. It was believed that each island group had formed independently, and that the residents, while they were of the sameRead MoreOrigin of International Law5357 Words   |  22 PagesORIGINS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW PRELUDE: Man is a social animal, in the past it has been living in caves, as the time passed man gradually became civilized and started living in communities. In past there were no laws and rules to be followed by the human being. In the long march of mankind from the cave to the computer a central role has always been played by the idea of law- the idea that order is necessary and chaos inimical to a just and stable existence. Every society has a framework ofRead MoreEssay A Historical Biography of Alexander the Great4466 Words   |  18 Pagesfather, Philip and his mother, Olympias were not a happy couple. When Philip left Olympias to marry Cleopatra, the family was split and embittered. Some think that Olympia even had a role in Philips murder. Alexander clearly owed some of his characteristics to both his parents. Like his father, he was a shrewd and practical politician. But, he also was attached to believing in oracles, cults, and omens, which he inherited from his mother, along with her volatile and emotional temperament. As a father

The Joy Luck Club ( Amy Tan ) Barrio Boy ( Ernesto Galarza ) free essay sample

Compares novels autobiographys portrayals of immigrants experiences in CA, focusing on cultural generational continuity. This study will provide a comparative analysis of two books about immigrants experience in California. Amy Tans novel, The Joy Luck Club, portrays two generations of Chinese-American women, and Ernesto Galarzas autobiography, Barrio Boy, examines the experiences of Mexican immigrants, especially those of the author as a young male who settled with his family in the barrio of Sacramento. The essence of both works is the authors intention to honor immigrants lives, both fictional and factual, and to have the reader appreciate their humanity, heritage, courage and culture. If there is one theme in both works it is the theme of cultural, generational and familial continuity and endurance in the face of clashing cultures and the forces of assimilation. Tan wants the reader to understand the profound and intimate connections between the two generations of mothers and. We will write a custom essay sample on The Joy Luck Club ( Amy Tan ) Barrio Boy ( Ernesto Galarza ) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Art and Honesty Expression and Religion Essay Example For Students

Art and Honesty Expression and Religion Essay Art and honesty have a relation when both subjects occur within expression and religion. Many people feel that art has no importance throughout people’s daily lives. Those that dont understand the concept and advantage of art complain and say that art has no significance. Not everyone understands that people remain surrounded by art. Also, art has an intelligence level for people that involve themselves in the field, such as, musical arts, theatrical arts, or just art itself. Grace Hwang Lynch in her article, â€Å"The Importance of Art in Child Development† on Pbs. rg, speaks about the advantage art has on children that can improve their (the children) learning skills. Brian Kisida, Jay P. Greene, and Daniel H. Bowan in their article, â€Å"Art Makes You Smart† on Nytimes. com, mentions how the three paired with an art museum, â€Å"testing† and studying students (with consent) visiting the museum and asking about their knowledge on art. Fran Smith’s article, â€Å"Why Arts Education is Crucial, and Who’s Doing It Best† on Edutopia. org speaks about how art can apply to educational benefits for students to expand their potential. Honesty holds an important quality in life. Honesty means being truthful about a person instead of starting rumours. Being honest means admitting to lying about something, no matter how stupid, like a little boy forgetting to flush the toilet when clearly, the little boy was the last one to use the bathroom. Linda and Charlie Bloom in their article â€Å"The Cost and Benefits of Emotional Honesty†, speaks about how feeling like an idiot applies to honesty: â€Å"Its a small price to pay to feel like a blundering idiot while we are learning the skills of emotional honesty. † A student who had cheated on a test and then notified the professor of cheating also signifies a sense of honesty. Honesty comes throughout all types of art and proper usage and credit should include the original creator if ideas did not come naturally. This brings up plagiarism. When a person plagiarizes, then no honesty appears in the art created by that person. When a student puts in words to an assignment that are not his or her own unique words then that student should give proper rights to the original creator. Also, expression in religion applies to honesty. Catholics have a tradition within the religion called confession which means being honest to the Father or Pope of the church, spilling sins, in a small room or box. According to Paul Wilkes, â€Å"The Art of Confession: Renewing Yourself Through the Practice of Honesty,† speaks about how in religion, honesty has high importance and an act of expression towards a good soul and a clean mind. Confession seems to contribute in the art of honesty itself. Multiple connections apply to art. Art can connect with a value such as life. Psychology and art connect by the usage of the inkblot test and how an individual’s mind perceives the inkblots. Architectural work and art connect with each other using math and the idea of an individual or multiple people to create something.

Thursday, April 23, 2020

Why Sharks Are Important free essay sample

Sharks play a very important role in the ecosystem. Sharks being at the top of the food chain, dealing with marine life, keep the ecosystem on track. Some of those reasons are that they keep the food webs in balance, Tourism, and without them there would be a lost in food source for humans. To begin with sharks are essential to the different ways of living because they keep the food web in balance. Sharks will eat old or sick in a population which keeps that population healthy. Scientist say that sharks are the keystone species and without them the structure of the food web will collapse. Another reason why sharks are essential to the different ways of living is because of ecotourism. There are many people in the world who love to travel amp; most travelers love to dive amp; studies show that a single live reef shark is worth $250,000 versus one time value of $50 when caught by a fisherman. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Sharks Are Important or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are over 83 locations and 8 geographic regions with people touring to see sharks with the Greater Caribbean and North America offering more shark tour services which helps with other business for example new opening restaurants the travelers eat there and word gets around about their new and upcoming business which really helps them out in the long run. Lastly sharks are essential to the different ways of living because without them there would be a lost in food source for humans. They are being killed for their fins for shark fin soup’, a food for cultural value which is not a good thing. Humans are waiting about 9/10 of the shark just for the fins which is highly unnecessary. Also if the humans kill of the sharks eventually the litle fish that we eat, will not be able to eat them anymore Sharks are not essential to the human life for them to be eaten. In conclusion sharks are beneficial to the different ways of living. This includes keeping the marine food chain in balance, tourism for divers amp; maintaining the fish food source for humans

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Ambrosia Gibboney Essays (716 words) - English Modal Verbs

Ambrosia Gibboney Essays (716 words) - English Modal Verbs Ambrosia Gibboney Freshmen seminar Meredith V icente Friday December 9, 2016 Dear Prospective Learning Strategies Student , There are some differences between the assistive programs for kids with learning disabilities at the high school level and the college level. I would know this because I have been in the high schools assistive program throughout my entire high school experience. I am also in the project assist program at Cumberland country college. The program I was in at the high school I attended helped me a lot. If I had a problem , I would talk to my case manager and she would work the problem out for me and come up with a solution. In college that is not the case. In college, you have to be a good self-advocate, if you need help you have to ask for it. This is very important because the professors and staff aren't going to be holding your hand and making sure you're doing ok in school. In college, you have a lot of freedom which can be good and bad at times. If you don't get your homework done or if you need help because your failing a class and you don't a sk, that's all on you. Being a good self-advocate and literally save your college career. Now once you have signed up for project assist. It is your job to find out what accommodations and assistive technologies they have that can help your college experience run smoothly. Some of the accommodations and assistive technologies they have are, tutoring in all subjects, writing lab, computer lab, recording devices and many more to suit your specific needs. I used tutoring because the biggest struggle I have is math. It is a requirement for me to have college level math to get into radiography. I struggled from day one of my math class and I immediately asked for help because if I failed I would have to repeat it again. Repeating a class again can get very expensive and failing a class brings down your GPA. So, I contacted my advisor and got signed up for math tutoring and now I am passing class. You are going to need some strategies to help you learn those hard to remember lectures and h . w assignments. One of the strategies I used was I took lots of notes in my math class. I w ould write down everything she wrote on the board. Since I took lots of notes I put the chapter and page number at the top of each section. Than when new sections came up I would draw a line and start on a new topic. I would use as much of the page as possible instead of using a new page for every individual topic because that would waste my paper and buying note books can get expensive. If I already knew a lot about a topic I would write down bits and pieces of the topic just in case I forgot and needed to refresh my memory. Another strategy I used was if I had to read a chapter in a book for homework I would muscle read. First, I would preview what I was reading like read the main title and the other subtopic titles. Than I would turn the titles into questions. After turning the titles into questions, I would write them down and read threw. Once I found the answers to my questions I would write them down. I would review my questions and answers until my next class. This helped me remember what I was reading. College can be fun and fulfilling but it also can be stressful and scary. All things worth doing aren't going to be easy and it's not the end of the world if things don't go the way you want them to. College isn't easy and isn't for everyone. There is nothing wrong with not going to college. Another good tip is to make friends and connections while you're here because they can help you later one in life. All in all, college is an experience worth having, you can be anything you want all you have to do is try.

Sunday, March 1, 2020

Nepetalactone Cycloalkane in Catnip

Nepetalactone Cycloalkane in Catnip Catnip, Nepeta cataria, is a member of the mint or Labiatae family. This perennial herb is sometimes known as catnip, catrup, catwort, cataria, or catmint (although there are other plants that also go by these common names). Catnip is indigenous from the eastern Mediterranean region to the eastern Himalayas, but is naturalized over much of North America and is easily grown in most gardens. The generic name Nepeta is said to have been derived from the Italian town Nepete, where catnip was once cultivated. For centuries humans have grown catnip for humans, but the herb is best known for its action on cats. Nepetalactone Chemistry Nepetalactone is a terpene composed of two isoprene units, with a total of ten carbons. Its chemical structure is similar to that of the valepotriates derived from the herb valerian, which is a mild central nervous system sedative (or stimulant to some persons). Cats Domestic and many wild cats (including cougars, bobcats, lions, and lynx) respond to the nepetalactone in catnip. However, not all cats react to catnip. The behavior is inherited as an autosomal dominant gene; 10-30% of domestic cats in a population may be unresponsive to nepetalactone. Kittens will not show the behavior until they are at least 6-8 weeks old. In fact, catnip produces an avoidance response in young kittens. The catnip response usually develops by the time a kitten is 3 months old. When cats smell catnip they exhibit a range of behaviors that may include sniffing, licking and chewing the plant, head shaking, chin and cheek rubbing, head rolling, and body rubbing. This psychosexual reaction lasts for 5-15 minutes and cannot be evoked again for an hour or more after exposure. Cats that react to nepetalactone differ in their individual responses. The feline receptor for nepetalactone is the vomeronasal organ, located above the feline palate. The location of the vomeronasal organ may explain why cats do not react from eating gelatin-enclosed capsules of catnip. Nepetalactone must be inhaled for it to reach the receptors in the vomeronasal organ. In cats, the effects of nepetalactone can be moderated by several drugs acting upon the central and peripheral nervous system, and by several environmental, physiological, and psychological factors. The specific mechanism governing these behaviors has not been described. Humans Herbalists have used catnip for many centuries as a treatment for colic, headache, fever, toothache, colds, and spasms. Catnip is an excellent sleep-inducing agent (as with valerian, in certain individuals it acts as a stimulant). Both people and cats find catnip to be emetic in large doses. It exhibits antibacterial properties and may be useful as an anti-atherosclerotic agent. It is used as an adjunct in treated dysmenorrhea and is given in tincture form to aid amenorrhea. 15th century English cooks would rub catnip leaves on meats before cooking and add it to mixed green salads. Before Chinese tea became widely available, catnip tea was very popular. Cockroaches and other Insects There is scientific evidence that catnip and nepetalactone may be effective cockroach repellents. Iowa State University researchers found nepetalactone to be 100x more effective at repelling cockroaches than DEET, a common (and toxic) insect repellent. Purified nepetalactone has also been shown to kill flies. There is also evidence that nepetalactone may serve as an insect sex pheromone in Hemiptera Aphidae (aphids) and a defense substance in Orthoptera Phasmatidae (walking sticks).

Thursday, February 13, 2020

My Personal Life, Education, and Aspirations Essay

My Personal Life, Education, and Aspirations - Essay Example Ever since I was a child, I have been having big dreams of becoming an accomplished businessperson. In this regard, I have made strong resolutions to pursue an international business degree in the United States since the U.S. universities are some of the most recognized in the world. In addition, my coming to the United States was inspired by my urge to meet new people, especially people from diverse cultures. As an aspiring international entrepreneur, I have to understand most if not all cultures in order to do my business efficiently in the future. I thought the United States was the hub multicultural learning and this fact really motivated me to come to the U.S. I hope to make friends with many people from across the globe, some of whom may become my future business partners. As far as personality and education goals are concerned, it is worth noting that the two match to a greater degree. It is so in the sense that I am a calm person who likes paying attention to details and never misses an opportunity. This personality has given me the impetus to explore my dreams exhaustively and make a concrete career decision. In this respect, I am planning to Study business up to the Masters’ level after which I will venture into business practice as a small entrepreneur.  

Saturday, February 1, 2020

Cystic Fibrosis Transplantaton Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cystic Fibrosis Transplantaton - Research Paper Example CF is inheritable and live threatening genetic disorder mostly experienced at the Northern European parts .To develop the disorder, one must inherit faulty gene from both of your parents this is by inheriting one set defective CFTR gene from the mother and the other from the father The disease is transmitted in a recessive way with chromosome 7. (Bush, 2006 ) It is caused due to anomaly in the cells producing mucus. A defect in CFTR gene causes the cystic fibrous, that alters the core function of the protein responsible of movement of salt and water in and out of body cells. (Komaroff, 2005)Through the scientific discovery transmembrane conductance regulator, called cystic fibrosis has greatly improved the understanding of the disorder and its diagnosis also showing the disease’s complexity. The study of the diseases started in 1946 but a fulgurating progress has been discovered in the recent years. (Hopkin, 2010). Cystic Fibrous is common inheritable genetic disease within the Caucasian people in the U.S.A. From the research done the disease affects mostly the Northern European ancestry, although it too experienced at the parts of Hispanics, Native Americans. and some African-American the genetically inheritable diseases is affecting about 1 person in 17,000 African American,1 in 31,000 Asian American and large population affected being 1 in 2,000 to 3,5000. Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that causes severe damages to the lungs, liver, sex organs, sinuses, pancreases, intestines, and sinuses. The disease is characterized by the buildup of sticky, thick mucus. (Moss, 1991) Cystic Fibrosis is inherited diseases of the sweat glands and mucus. The mucus clogs the lungs as a result the breathing systems is affected and the mucus catalyze the growth of bacteria .Respiratory problem signs include breathlessness a stuffy nose, wheezing, a persistence in coughing and a decreased exercising ability

Friday, January 24, 2020

America in 1934 Essay -- American History

America in 1934 In the Midwest, farmers were losing their land to mortgage foreclosures. American tourist deaths were attributed to a terrorist attack. A president known for his effective use of the media governed the United States. The U.S. cooperated in a change of government in the Philippines. Parents and churches criticized motion pictures for eroding American morals. And Appalachian State, after setting a new enrollment record, received favorable publicity in a national magazine. Sound familiar? Think again; you're 55 years off. The year was 1934 in the U.S.A. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration, part of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, provided relief funds to just under seventeen million Americans to offset "the hardships and suffering caused by unemployment" in the Great Depression. Leading the state relief parade was North Dakota, 34% of whose population received federal funds. In New York just under two million were on the dole (Lyman 71-72). By manipulating gold and silver prices, President Roosevelt hoped to cut Depression inflation. The Gold Reserve Act established a maximum limit of 60% for the gold value of the U.S. dollar. It allowed the President to set the price of gold at $35 per ounce. The Silver Purchase Act directed the Secretary of the Treasury to buy silver until the metal reached 25% of U.S. money reserves or until its price reached $1.29 per ounce (Leuchtenburg 13). On 9 February President Roosevelt ended all government air mail contracts with airlines and ordered the Army to fly the mails. Roosevelt took this measure to deprive commercial airlines of scandalously high financial arrangements, but his plans failed because of the Army Air Corps' inability to handle the job. After the ... ...t Record at A.S.T.C." Watauga Democrat 4 Oct. 1934: 1. "Normal Child." Time 27 Aug. 1934: 50. "North Carolina Builds Shrine to First Colony." New York Times 1 July 1934: 18. Old Gold. Advertisement. (Raleigh) News and Observer 13 June 1934: 14. "Poor White's Art." Time 10 Sept. 1934: 33. Phillips, Cabell. The New York Times Chronicle of American Life: From the Crash to the Blitz 1929-1939. New York: Mac Millan, 1969. "Receive Honorary Degrees." (Raleigh) News and Observer 13 June 1934: 1. Reichler, Joseph L., ed. The Baseball Encyclopedia. 4th ed. New York: Mac Millan, 1979. Shale, Richard, comp. Academy Awards. New York: Ungar, 1978. "Ruth's Record of 700 Home Runs Likely to Stand for All Time in Major Leagues." New York Times 14 July 1934: 8. "Sophisticates Abroad." Time 16 April 1934: 77. Stern Brothers. Advertisement. New York Times 1 July 1934: 10.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Achievement Motivation Theory Analysis Essay

Every manager has a theory on how to motivate employees to perform his or her job. One of the oldest motivational methods is the Carrot and Stick method, which is a combination of rewards and punishments to bring about a desired behavior. Although this method of motivation can still be found in one form or the other in many organizations today, managers are learning new methods of motivating employees. This paper will analyze two different job positions the author has held, and how the theory of achievement motivation would and would not be applicable to those job positions. The author will also analyze the need to develop and create new theoretical models of motivation in today’s changing work environment. Theory of Achievement Motivation Atkinson’s Achievement Motivation Theory suggests that some individuals have a greater need for achievement and success than other individuals. Those individuals that have a high need to achieve and be successful will take on more difficult tasks than those individuals that are not highly motivated to succeed. The following two workplace scenarios will show how the theory of achievement can affect employees. Workplace Scenario One One workplace scenario that works well with the achievement motivation theory is the Wal-Mart organization. Employees of Wal-Mart are paid by the hour; however, individuals are able to increase his or her salary through yearly raises and quarterly bonuses as a direct result of his or her job performance and production level. The basis of this pay system depends on the motivation of its employees. Employees’ raise is based on a scale of one through 4. Employees that have consistently high production levels and provide excellent customer service will receive the maximum yearly raise. The quarterly bonus Wal-Mart offers its employees is determined by performance markers which include sales, customer satisfaction levels, inventory levels, and employee attendance. This type of work setting demonstrates achievement motivation theory clearly. Without the willingness to succeed average employees will not achieve the same monetary results as the harder working employees. Wal-Mart rewards employees for quality productivity, work ethics, and attendance. The combination of these factors is what motivates the employees in reaching the desired result for the organization. Workplace Scenario Two Another workplace scenario which demonstrates where the achievement theory does not work will is in the union; specifically the grocery stores that make us the United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW). UFCW is a national union made up of â€Å"more than 1.3 million people working primarily in grocery and retail stores, and in the food processing and meat packing industries† (UFCW, 2012). Individuals that belong to this union have negotiated wages and benefits. The combination of contracted wages and benefits, and the union’s backing removes a large amount of achievement motivation. The union employees in a grocery store usually work independently; whereas, in Wal-Mart the culture is more of a team. Through the negotiated contracts between Dierbergs and the union, employees know the amount of pay or the amount he or she will receive for an annual raise, regardless of experience or work productivity levels. Union employees also know the amount of pay or raise will not change, therefore there is little motivation to increase productivity, or work at a higher level than a coworker. In the grocery store setting employees are paid the same amount if they check out an average of 20 customers an hour or 2 customers an hour. The Need for New Theoretical Models of Motivation Decades ago working conditions we not as good for most employees in the work force. Unions, such as the UFCW, were formed to insure workers received fair wages and their workplace was safe. Since then laws have been passed and organizations behave toward their employees much better. Many non-union organizations reward their employees for exceptional productivity and work ethics. The union worker’s motivation is greatly reduced, because there is no incentive to increase productivity or practice good work ethics outside of what the contract outlines. The workforce of today is increasingly diverse with differing needs and demands of the workforce of decades ago. Technology has changed the way organizations do business and where that business is conducted. Global companies and e-commerce organizations with highly knowledgeable employees are now common. Another influence on in the workforce today is organizational tasks and goals are increasingly organized around teams. Managing these diverse, knowledgeable employees can be challenging and have a profound influence on how organizations attempt to motivate employees. The need to understand the influences of obvious and hidden motives and perceived abilities on motivation is needed. (Steers, 2004) Also, an understanding of â€Å"how participation in groups have a powerful influence on motivation above and beyond what can be understood by focusing exclusively on individual-level effects† (The Road Ahead). Failure to meet the need for new motivational models will result in influencing how organizations attract, retain, and motivate employees. Without motivating this new type of workforce organizations may lose their profitability and will not stay competitive. Conclusion Individuals are motivated to work for various reasons; however, most work for financial stability. The challenge for managers is too continual finds ways to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals in a changing workforce. Today’s workforce has new challenges such as technology, globalization, and team efforts, which did not exist before. â€Å"What all types of achievement situations have in common is that the person has encountered a standard of excellence and has been energized by it, largely because he or she knows that the forthcoming performance will produce an emotionally meaningful evaluation of personal competence† (Reeve, 2009, p. 176). References Reeve, J. (2009). Understanding Motivation and Emotion (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Steers, R. M. (2004). THE FUTURE OF WORK MOTIVATION THEORY. Retrieved from

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

The Importance of Performance Appraisal Schemes - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3096 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? In the past few decades organizations are very concerned about the development and orientation of their employee and also pondering on performance management (Murphy Cleveland, 1991). Organizations are following the new patterns of working and doing jobs to adhere the aims and mission of it. To fulfil this new modernized concept of fast and technological revolution they are realizing the importance and implementation of new methods of performance management (Cardy Dobbins, 1994). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Importance of Performance Appraisal Schemes" essay for you Create order Organizations have indentifies the importance of performance appraisal and its as it has been found in the cases of all big multinational companies that they have implemented the performance appraisal systems to enhance the productivity of their employees. There are variety of different perspectives that evident the importance of performance management and its measurement (Whitney, 1994). Organization should present true and fair view of performance appraisal to gain the trust of employees, (Robinson Rousseau, 1994) their loyalty and job satisfaction are the main core of any organizational success. Through rational performance measurement organizations management can get the maximum reliance of employees. This research papers aims to explore the performance appraisal system within the banking sector of Pakistan and its comparative study with JS (Jahangir Siddqui) bank. This research study will also explore the effects of performance appraisal on the employees considering motiv ation, job satisfaction and employee loyalty as key factors in HR function. The Research Topic: To explore the role of performance appraisal system in HR function within the banking sector of Pakistan. Aim: This research aims to investigate the role of performance appraisal system and its effect on employees considering motivation, job satisfaction and employee loyalty as the key factors in HR function within the banking sector of Pakistan and comparative study with JS Bank. Objectives: What is performance appraisal? What are different performance appraisal systems? How appraisal system interlinked with motivation and employee loyalty within banking sector of Pakistan? What are different problems with performance appraisal system? What are different strategies in HR department to enhance productivity? Pakistani Banking Industry: Every country has a main financial regulatory body to cycle all the financial institution; alike State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) is the regulatory body and integral part of financial services. Vision Statement: Our vision is to develop the SBP BSC (Bank) into a strong and dynamic institution, equipped with an efficient and professional human resource base, having the requisite technology and fully capable of providing quality service to stakeholders, while complementing the State Bank of Pakistan in achieving its objective. (SBP, 2011) Mission Statement: To provide reliable banking services to Government, financial institutions, public and to act as an operational arm of State Bank of Pakistan. (SBP, 2011) SBP is taking effective supervision of all financial institutions, this sector comprises of different categories like; commercial banks, non commercial banks, scheduled and non scheduled banks, micro and macro finance banks, development financial institutions, leasing and investment banks, agri-finance institutions, brokers and discount houses, venture capital companies, modarbas and musharika companies (Islamic banking) stock exchange and insurance companies. Thus SBP is carrying all the financial services within its umbrella (SBP, 2011). As a central financial body of a developing country, it has many economic, traditional and developmental function to gain the macroeconomic goals. Traditional functions are categorize as: issuance of currency, regulating the interest rates (IRR), balance of payments, keep an eye on inflat ion and deflation, supervision of all other sub-financial institutions, lender and last resort, regulating the monetary policy, bankers bank, governments bank and other functions are: management of foreign exchange, public debts, government debts and also to make understanding and negotiations with international financial bodies i-e; International monetary fund (IMF). SBP is also making frame work for the saving and investment patterns. All interest rates (six month KIBOR, nine Month KIBOR) also monitored by SBP. The main developmental function SBP is performing in current time is the Islamization of all banking infrastructure (SBP, 2011). Being an integral part of Pakistans economy SBP is trying to regulate all its departments in most effective and professional way. Insight to SBPs Human Resource Department: State Bank of Pakistan always give confidence to fresh banking graduates to be a part of its operations to get the wide knowledge of banking sector. It also offers the employees the chance of endorsement and rotation within bank by posting internal jobs. This opportunity enables the employees to meet their personal aims and objectives in their banking career (SBP, 2011). Quite few units are working under HR department of SBP. Performance Management Unit (PMU) is main authority for carrying performance measurement and appraisal process and suggests the employees to increase their annual goals that will definitely smooth the progress of them to get the promotional objectives and also rise in the salaries (SBP, 2011). The Reward Recognition Unit (RRU) is the main unit that gives the notion of and recognition of personal and professional milestones of an employees and also acknowledge the services within bank by giving ground-breaking business practices. This unit encourages emp loyees to take part in the decision making process to increase their trust on organization and they are held responsible for enhancing the corporate name in the public. To bring about this recognition an admiration letters are being issued by RRU and also some monetary rewards (SBP, 2011). The Succession Planning Unit (SPU) weighs up and measures the employees performance and their skills through different tools and also tries for the development, orientation and training needs of new employees and the potential successors (SBP, 2011). There is a separate unit called Employee Motivation Retention Unit (EMRU) that is responsible for conducting different surveys to check the level of employees motivation, their job satisfaction level and also the loyalty of employees with SBP. This unit also works on the frame work of different strategies to get the maximum efforts from employee by polishing their skills (SBP, 2011). The Job Evaluation Unit (JEU) measure the job posts and al so the position and its structure to ensure that job is done by a capable person and it is performed well with certain grade points (SBP, 2011). The amalgamation of all units working under HR department makes it a well functioned department. Following part will be putting light on JSBL bank and its operation. Jahangir Siddiqui Bank Limited (JSBL): Jahangir Siddiqui is the merger of two giant banks of Pakistani banking industry, Jahangir Siddiqui Investment Bank Limited and American Express Bank Limited Pakistan (JSBL, 2011). Vision Statement: To provide quality and innovative range of banking services and products to our customers by a highly motivated team of professionals whilst maintaining high ethical and regulatory standards thereby, generating sustainable returns to our shareholders. (JSBL, 2011). Mission Statement To be a preferred partner of our customers by providing complete financial solutions exceeding service expectations, though a single relationship via conventional and non conventional, conveniently accessible distribution channels. (JSBL, 2011). JSBL is a big wing of Jahangir Siddiqui investment and securities and a unification of two banks, It originate its operation as a scheduled bank with SBP on December 2006 with a innovated investment practices. JS bank is one of the premier in the brokering and discounting licence from State Bank of Pakistan. Besides the banking services the primary objective of JS bank is to provide quality financial solutions to all common customer of bank. They are issuing new and innovative products for the customer to give them maximum ease in modernised banking (JSBL, 2011). Js bank is performing multiple services and activities which can be categories as follows: Retail and Consumer Banking Treasury Securities Corporate Commercial Banki ng Investment Banking (JSBL, 2011) These departments are performing innovative solution with technological ease to final customer plus JSBL is also opening its branches all over the country and going international in coming year (JSBL, 2011). Insight to JSBLs Human Resource Department: ? Rational of Study: The system that indentifies the Performance evaluation and review is called Performance Appraisal system. Performance appraisal system highlights the individual and groups performance over the period of time and reviews for the promotion and raise in monetary funds. To get the real meaning of performance appraisal system can be elaborated to the concept of performance management. Performance Management can be define as: An approach to create shared vision of the purpose and aims of the organization, helping each individual employee understand and recognise their in contribution to them, and in so doing manage and enhance the performance of both individuals and the organization. (Fletcher, 1992) Performance management is a process where it describes the performance of individuals that shapes a group and become the collective success of the organization with the set of objectives, time period, reviewing the performance and recognition of the performance with rewards (Connock , 1991). The main objective of performance management is to show the real picture of the employees performance over a period of time and this can be achieved through framed standards (Beaumont, 1993). In the Performance management the appraisal system is the most significant part where it may be define a structural and formal system that helps the manager and subordinate to interact with each other to evaluate performance. This interaction usually comes into process annually of semi-annually in shape of some structured interview or questionnaire; in this process supervisor examines the performance of subordinate where supervisor indentifies strengths and weaknesses and also highlights the area of improvements (Connock, 1991). In different sectors of economy including banking sector results of appraisal of employees are use for the future employee planning, their rewards management and promotion. These rewards are directly or indirectly linked with the recognition of employees milestones in the personal and professional skills. Thus this indentifies the rise in pay, cash bonuses, promotions and job satisfaction majorly (Beaumont, 1993). As performance appraisal encourages the good performers on the same hand performance appraisal also highlights the poor performers and tells about their weak areas and it helps the management to remove the leaning hurdles and makes them to achieve the set objectives and aims. Plus this system also indentifies the employee who needs guidance and counselling from management to improve their performance at work. Organization believe that performance appraisal is best tool to see into deep about the levels of employees and their performances and making the decision about their rise in salary, promotions, demotions and penalties. There are many factors influencing performance appraisals systems at work. Internal and external factors always plays an important role in appraising the employees. Internal factors could be labo ur unions, managements attitude, the employees behaviour and their stance in the direction of work. External factors are legislations in relation to the employees. Labour union always get into the matters of employees well being at work and also in their personal lives so that they can give their full at work. But some time it may give the negative effect on performance appraisal and ask the management to give promotion or rise in the salary on the bases on seniority. Internal factors can also affect the performance appraisal in shape of bad corporate culture that can be a big hurdle in the performance management. The main objective is to set the specific goals and make framework of getting those objective, for all this management should inform the employee that what is expected from their jobs and what should they do to make hundred percent out of it. At the end management sees and evaluates on the whole performance and also communicate this efforts to employees. This communication also develops relationship between employees and supervisors. As the managers are aware of the importance and criticality of performance appraisal, and its ultimate effect on the motivation, loyalty, job satisfaction plus its has a big effect on the growth and success of the organization, so while documenting, communicating, and describing the job particulars, they are more concerned. It has been noticed that in the current time, job performance systems have improved a lot, but still the outcomes shows that it has negative effects on the job satisfaction and motivation of the employees and if it is not been appraised systematically. So, it results in counter of an organization that employees are demoralised and also lose their loyalty, which affects the organizational aims and objectives. Human resource officials use performance appraisal for decision making such as planning payments and salary scale of the employees, they also determine what professional developments are needed to equip their employees with a proper feedback. Performance appraisal could also help the officers to decide what are the factors that can be employed to increase the productivity of employees (Natalie Ann 2005). Performance appraisal is a system in which HR managers measures the performance of the employee, either he is performing his job rightly, is he achieving what organization wants from his job, what is his behaviour and attitude towards his job, either he is showing positivity towards his job, is he the right employee for the right job, as all this comes under the HR function of an organization (Randhawa 2007). The main objective of performance appraisal is to make assurance that employees performance is up to the mark, to communicate this job performance measurement makes the employee enable to enhance his productivity and cover his loopholes where he is lagging behind. The main objective behind performance appraisal is make insure that organizational goals are being m et, because meeting organizational objective is a individual as well collective efforts. Strategic objectives on banking sector and any financial institution are to multiply their profits by gaining the top performance from its employees. By monitoring employees performance, they actually see what is the criticality of the importance and the effect that job is making on the organizational objectives. An effective performance appraisal must have collaboration between the management and the subordinates. An employee should work according to the job description, which is decided by the immediate manager, by this there will be no conflict between management and the works. An object of performance appraisal is to influence the employees job performance with the systematic process appraisal, what are the major impacts on the employees to get the certain level of motivation to improve the productivity of the organization as well as the job satisfaction (Natalie Ann 2005). In the past t he wholly purpose of performance appraisal was just to calculate the financial position of the company, either it has made some progress in terms on monetary , what influence it has made on the department growth and what are the effects of performance of the organizational objectives but now the things are getting change, now researchers are seeing beyond the monetary terms, they are not discussing the financial aspect but they are measuring the job performance in terms of employees job satisfaction and his level of motivation, because ultimately the manpower of an organization is its labour force, if this labour force is getting what they want then they will perform according to the job description they have with them within their departments. In the banking sector as credit crunch has been taken place all of the investment and financing in Pakistan has stopped, it has very negative impact on the employees working in the banking industry, and the HR department of the banks are a ctually working on the moral and motivation of the employees. There are different techniques and method used for the performance appraisal, and it gives an outline to measures the performance, that are in use of different organizational and it also varies from industry to industry, there are no hard and fast rules to use specific performance appraisal systems, but it always suggested to use same performance criteria within one organizational and it applies to all of the employees. These models and techniques include, Six Sigma, Balance Scorecard, 360 degree feedback, etc. These models and techniques to measures the performance is widely in use of many MNCs and local organizations, in the banking industry of Pakistan and in JS bank. While designing performance appraisal management should keep in view the nature and type of the business to conducts these performance management techniques, in the performance management 360 Degree is common and Six sigma is operational management tec hniques both leads to performance appraisal measurement and where the HR function is able to the appraisal and it involves the motivational factors, employee loyalty, and job satisfaction aspects. Extensive and appropriate use of these techniques will makes the appraisal very unbiased (Natalie Ann 2005). Employees motivation and job satisfaction can never push aside, as these are elementary aspects of any Job, in the process of appraisal system employee always aspects the some feedback from the employees which gives him motivation and the satisfaction from the job done, so these are the complementary part of any job. when any employee is being appraised then he always gets the communication and feedback of that appraisal and it actually indicated the level of satisfaction of job the employee has and plus the loyalty he has for the organization. In the banking industry, as the recession hits and many of the employees being fired so at time of performance appraisal, employee are so d issatisfied as they dont know when they are going to part of sacked list of employees, keeping in this view, the performance appraisal system plays role in the Hr department to indicated the key factors such as motivation, job satisfaction and loyalty (Caruth and John 2008). Performance appraisal plays in managing human resources (Cardy Dobbins, 1994), there has been a great deal of research conducted to understand appraisals. Murphy and Cleveland (1991) says much of this research has focused on such issues as appraisal formats and minimizing bias from raters. Rating the performance appraisal and giving the feedback is not an easy task for the HR department, as the criteria of apprising is the job is a complex job, there are contain strategies underlying to make more accurate than the traditional ways, and the likelihood of correct appraisal will be increased. These strategies can categories as some practical training to the HR officials , new learning techniques, method should be true n fair for all set of employees, transparent, and should be computerized so there are no chances on intermingled results which will removes the chances of favouritism, very main strategy and objective of the performance appraisal that it should be conduct for the motivation of the employees not the negative aspect associated with it, as it will decrease the morale of the employees. There should be some reward or bonus announced so this will be stimulation for other employees and they will try to excel their jobs too, proper communication and feedback session should be introduced so the employee come to know their loopholes (Natalie Ann 2005).